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Cardiovascular

Research Snapshot Theater: Cardiovascular/Infectious Disease, Adult

(226) Impact of Preexisting Heart Failure on the Severity of COVID-19 Infection: 2020-2021 NIS Analysis

Tuesday, February 25, 2025
10:00am – 11:00am Eastern Time
Location: Connections Central - RST 04

    First Author(s)

  • Antony Arumairaj, MD

    New York City Health and Hospitals Coporation.
    New York Medical College
    New York, New York, United States

    • Co-Author(s)

  • BN

    Bede Nriagu, MD

    Resident Physician
    New York Medical College, NYC Health and Hospitals/Metropolitan., United States

  • NT

    Natoushka Trenard, MD

    Attending Physician
    New York Medical College, NYC Health and Hospitals/Metropolitan.
    New York, New York, United States

  • SC

    Shobhana Chaudhari, MD

    Program director
    New York Medical College, NYC Health and Hospitals/Metropolitan.
    New York, New York, United States

  • SM

    Savi Mushiyev, MD

    Attending Physician
    New York Medical College, NYC Health and Hospitals/Metropolitan., United States

Introduction: Clinical studies have shown that pre-existing HF is a risk factor for a severe COVID-19 infection and that pre-existing heart failure is considered an independent predictor of mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection. This National Inpatient Sample (NIS) study aimed to determine the impact of pre-existing heart failure on the severity of COVID-19 infection.

Methods: We identified patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection and a history of heart failure from the 2020-2021 NIS database. STATA/MP 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results: 818,011 patients were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection, and 339,633 hospitalized patients had a history of heart failure. The patients with COVID-19 infection were stratified based on their heart failure status. There were 789,860 COVID patients without heart failure and 28,151 COVID patients with heart failure. Caucasians constituted the largest ethnic group in both groups. Patients in the lowest national income quartile and those with Medicaid insurance constituted the largest group among the national income quartile and insurance groups, respectively, in both groups. The mortality rate among COVID patients with heart failure was 20.6%; for those without heart failure, it was 12.7%, with a P value of < 0.001. The length of hospital stay among COVID patients with heart failure was 7.9 days; for those without heart failure, it was 8.2 days, with a P value of < 0.001. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of invasive ventilation in COVID patients with heart failure was 1.12, and the adjusted OR, after adjustment for age, sex, race, Charlson comorbid index, national income quartile, and insurance, was 0.90, with a P-value of < 0.001. The unadjusted OR of mortality in COVID patients with heart failure was 1.76, and the adjusted OR of mortality was 1.05 with a P-value of < 0.001, indicating that the mortality rate among COVID patients with heart failure was higher than those without heart failure.

Conclusions: The NIS database analysis shows that patients with COVID-19 infection and heart failure have a higher mortality rate than those without heart failure. However, there was no statistical difference in the length of stay and in the need for invasive ventilation.